Protocols | UNECE

The Convention has been extended by eight protocols:

Title	Entry into force	Status of ratification
1999 Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone and its 2012 amended version	17 May 2005 7 October 2019	Original protocol Amended version
1998 Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and its 2009 amended version	23 October 2003 20 January 2022	Original protocol Amended version, annexes I, II Amended version, annexes I, II, III, IV, VI, VIII
1998 Protocol on Heavy Metals and its 2012 amended version	29 December 2003 8 February 2022	Original protocol Amended version
1994 Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions	5 August 1998	Status
1991 Protocol concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or their Transboundary Fluxes	29 September 1997	Status
1988 Protocol concerning the Control of Nitrogen Oxides or their Transboundary Fluxes	14 February 1991	Status
1985 Protocol on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary Fluxes by at least 30 per cent	2 September 1987	Status
1984 Protocol on Long-term Financing of the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP)	28 January 1988	Status

Development of the Convention and its Protocols

Initially conceived as a flexible framework for cooperation, the Convention soon provided a forum for Parties to negotiate and agree on binding obligations to reduce emissions. To date, the Convention has been extended by eight protocols containing legally binding targets for emission reductions. Read more

Emission data tables

In cooperation with the Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections (CEIP), the secretariat compiles overview tables of emission data by pollutant in relation to the respective emission reduction obligations set for each Party under the different protocols.